The simplest way to create a timetree visualization using the built-in example data:
library(Rclade)
# Load built-in example tree (50 tips, GTDB-style labels)
data(example_tree)
# Plot with phylum-level collapsing (no timescale for speed)
p <- plot_timetree(example_tree, rank = "phylum",
taxonomy_format = "GTDB",
add_timescale = FALSE)
#>
#> ============================================================
#> Rclade: Phylogenetic Tree Visualization
#> ============================================================
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.225+08:00 | INFO | Starting plot_timetree pipeline
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.225+08:00 | INFO | Tree input : phylo object
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.225+08:00 | INFO | Rank : phylum
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.225+08:00 | INFO | Layout : rectangular
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.226+08:00 | INFO | Unit : auto
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.226+08:00 | INFO | Step 1/7: Input validation and reading
#>
#> --------------------------------------------------
#> >> Input Validation
#> --------------------------------------------------
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.226+08:00 | INFO | Tips : 50
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.226+08:00 | INFO | Internal nodes : 49
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.226+08:00 | INFO | Edge lengths range : 40.1579 to 2758.4006
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.227+08:00 | INFO | Input validation passed
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.227+08:00 | INFO | Timer 'input_reading': 1 ms
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.227+08:00 | INFO | Step 2/7: Taxonomy parsing
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.227+08:00 | INFO | Using rank-based taxonomy: phylum
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.231+08:00 | INFO | Detected format : GTDB
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.231+08:00 | INFO | Groups found : 5
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.231+08:00 | INFO | Timer 'taxonomy_parsing': 4 ms
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.231+08:00 | INFO | Step 3/7: MRCA computation and monophyly check
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.231+08:00 | INFO | Checking monophyly and computing MRCA for each group...
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.232+08:00 | INFO | Valid groups for collapse: 5 out of 5 total groups
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.232+08:00 | INFO | Valid MRCA nodes : 5
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.232+08:00 | INFO | Timer 'mrca_computation': 1 ms
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.233+08:00 | INFO | Step 4/7: Color generation
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.233+08:00 | INFO | Color palette : viridis
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.233+08:00 | INFO | Step 5/7: Tree rendering
#> ! # Invaild edge matrix for <phylo>. A <tbl_df> is returned.
#> ! # Invaild edge matrix for <phylo>. A <tbl_df> is returned.
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.271+08:00 | INFO | Collapsing 5 clades...
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.282+08:00 | INFO | Clade collapse complete
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.286+08:00 | INFO | Timer 'tree_rendering': 52 ms
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.286+08:00 | INFO | Step 6/7: Timescale integration
#>
#> ============================================================
#> Pipeline Complete
#> ============================================================
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.315+08:00 | INFO | Tips : 50
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.315+08:00 | INFO | Groups parsed : 5
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.315+08:00 | INFO | Groups collapsed : 5
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.315+08:00 | INFO | Singleton groups : 0
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.315+08:00 | INFO | Skipped (non-monophyletic) : 0
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.315+08:00 | INFO | Skipped (root/zero-tip) : 0
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.315+08:00 | INFO | Taxonomy format : GTDB
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.316+08:00 | INFO | Layout : rectangular
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.316+08:00 | INFO | Timescale : disabled
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.316+08:00 | INFO | plot_timetree completed successfully
print(p)Use main_title and sub_title to add
centered titles:
p <- plot_timetree(example_tree, rank = "phylum",
taxonomy_format = "GTDB",
add_timescale = FALSE,
main_title = "GTDB Bacterial Tree",
sub_title = "50 taxa | Phylum-level collapsing")
#>
#> ============================================================
#> Rclade: Phylogenetic Tree Visualization
#> ============================================================
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.472+08:00 | INFO | Starting plot_timetree pipeline
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.472+08:00 | INFO | Tree input : phylo object
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.472+08:00 | INFO | Rank : phylum
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.473+08:00 | INFO | Layout : rectangular
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.473+08:00 | INFO | Unit : auto
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.473+08:00 | INFO | Step 1/7: Input validation and reading
#>
#> --------------------------------------------------
#> >> Input Validation
#> --------------------------------------------------
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.473+08:00 | INFO | Tips : 50
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.473+08:00 | INFO | Internal nodes : 49
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.473+08:00 | INFO | Edge lengths range : 40.1579 to 2758.4006
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.474+08:00 | INFO | Input validation passed
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.474+08:00 | INFO | Timer 'input_reading': 1 ms
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.474+08:00 | INFO | Step 2/7: Taxonomy parsing
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.474+08:00 | INFO | Using rank-based taxonomy: phylum
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.478+08:00 | INFO | Detected format : GTDB
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.478+08:00 | INFO | Groups found : 5
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.478+08:00 | INFO | Timer 'taxonomy_parsing': 4 ms
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.478+08:00 | INFO | Step 3/7: MRCA computation and monophyly check
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.478+08:00 | INFO | Checking monophyly and computing MRCA for each group...
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.479+08:00 | INFO | Valid groups for collapse: 5 out of 5 total groups
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.479+08:00 | INFO | Valid MRCA nodes : 5
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.479+08:00 | INFO | Timer 'mrca_computation': 1 ms
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.480+08:00 | INFO | Step 4/7: Color generation
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.480+08:00 | INFO | Color palette : viridis
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.480+08:00 | INFO | Step 5/7: Tree rendering
#> ! # Invaild edge matrix for <phylo>. A <tbl_df> is returned.
#> ! # Invaild edge matrix for <phylo>. A <tbl_df> is returned.
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.521+08:00 | INFO | Collapsing 5 clades...
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.532+08:00 | INFO | Clade collapse complete
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.532+08:00 | INFO | Timer 'tree_rendering': 52 ms
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.532+08:00 | INFO | Step 6/7: Timescale integration
#>
#> ============================================================
#> Pipeline Complete
#> ============================================================
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.567+08:00 | INFO | Tips : 50
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.567+08:00 | INFO | Groups parsed : 5
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.567+08:00 | INFO | Groups collapsed : 5
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.567+08:00 | INFO | Singleton groups : 0
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.567+08:00 | INFO | Skipped (non-monophyletic) : 0
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.567+08:00 | INFO | Skipped (root/zero-tip) : 0
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.567+08:00 | INFO | Taxonomy format : GTDB
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.567+08:00 | INFO | Layout : rectangular
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.568+08:00 | INFO | Timescale : disabled
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.568+08:00 | INFO | plot_timetree completed successfully
print(p)Use summarize_timetree() to inspect the collapse
metadata:
p <- plot_timetree(example_tree, rank = "phylum",
taxonomy_format = "GTDB",
add_timescale = FALSE)
#>
#> ============================================================
#> Rclade: Phylogenetic Tree Visualization
#> ============================================================
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.741+08:00 | INFO | Starting plot_timetree pipeline
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.741+08:00 | INFO | Tree input : phylo object
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.741+08:00 | INFO | Rank : phylum
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.741+08:00 | INFO | Layout : rectangular
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.741+08:00 | INFO | Unit : auto
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.741+08:00 | INFO | Step 1/7: Input validation and reading
#>
#> --------------------------------------------------
#> >> Input Validation
#> --------------------------------------------------
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.742+08:00 | INFO | Tips : 50
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.742+08:00 | INFO | Internal nodes : 49
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.742+08:00 | INFO | Edge lengths range : 40.1579 to 2758.4006
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.742+08:00 | INFO | Input validation passed
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.742+08:00 | INFO | Timer 'input_reading': 1 ms
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.743+08:00 | INFO | Step 2/7: Taxonomy parsing
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.743+08:00 | INFO | Using rank-based taxonomy: phylum
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.747+08:00 | INFO | Detected format : GTDB
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.747+08:00 | INFO | Groups found : 5
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.747+08:00 | INFO | Timer 'taxonomy_parsing': 4 ms
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.747+08:00 | INFO | Step 3/7: MRCA computation and monophyly check
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.747+08:00 | INFO | Checking monophyly and computing MRCA for each group...
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.748+08:00 | INFO | Valid groups for collapse: 5 out of 5 total groups
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.748+08:00 | INFO | Valid MRCA nodes : 5
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.749+08:00 | INFO | Timer 'mrca_computation': 1 ms
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.749+08:00 | INFO | Step 4/7: Color generation
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.749+08:00 | INFO | Color palette : viridis
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.749+08:00 | INFO | Step 5/7: Tree rendering
#> ! # Invaild edge matrix for <phylo>. A <tbl_df> is returned.
#> ! # Invaild edge matrix for <phylo>. A <tbl_df> is returned.
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.790+08:00 | INFO | Collapsing 5 clades...
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.802+08:00 | INFO | Clade collapse complete
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.802+08:00 | INFO | Timer 'tree_rendering': 53 ms
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.802+08:00 | INFO | Step 6/7: Timescale integration
#>
#> ============================================================
#> Pipeline Complete
#> ============================================================
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.831+08:00 | INFO | Tips : 50
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.831+08:00 | INFO | Groups parsed : 5
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.831+08:00 | INFO | Groups collapsed : 5
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.831+08:00 | INFO | Singleton groups : 0
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.831+08:00 | INFO | Skipped (non-monophyletic) : 0
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.831+08:00 | INFO | Skipped (root/zero-tip) : 0
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.832+08:00 | INFO | Taxonomy format : GTDB
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.832+08:00 | INFO | Layout : rectangular
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.832+08:00 | INFO | Timescale : disabled
#> 2026-09-16T00:09:27.832+08:00 | INFO | plot_timetree completed successfully
summarize_timetree(p)
#> === Rclade Timetree Summary ===
#> Input tips: 50
#> Groups parsed (total): 5
#> Groups collapsed: 5
#> Singleton groups (1 tip, not collapsed): 0
#> Skipped non-monophyletic groups: 0
#> Skipped groups (root/zero-tip): 0
#> Displayed leaves after collapse: 5
#> Taxonomy format: GTDB
#> Collapse rank: phylum
#> Palette: viridis
#> Layout: rectangular
#> Timescale: no
#>
#> Group details:
#> P1 n=10 node=54
#> P2 n=10 node=63
#> P3 n=10 node=72
#> P4 n=10 node=82
#> P5 n=10 node=91# Save to PDF
save_timetree(p, "output.pdf", width = 14, height = 10)
# One-line pipeline
# Note: the geological timescale requires an explicit branch-length unit
# (Rclade does not infer units); pass unit = "Ma" or unit = "Ga".
plot_timetree(example_tree, rank = "phylum", unit = "Ga", output = "output.pdf")Before visualization, check how well your labels can be parsed:
summarize_taxonomy_quality(example_tree$tip.label, format = "GTDB")
#> === Taxonomy Label Parsing Quality Report ===
#> Total labels: 50
#> Detected format: GTDB
#>
#> Per-rank parse rates:
#> kingdom 0.0% (0/50)
#> domain 100.0% (50/50) ====================
#> phylum 100.0% (50/50) ====================
#> class 100.0% (50/50) ====================
#> order 0.0% (0/50)
#> family 0.0% (0/50)
#> genus 0.0% (0/50)
#> species 0.0% (0/50)
#> subspecies 0.0% (0/50)
#>
#> All labels parsed successfully.Rclade builds on the ggtree and deeptime R packages. If you use Rclade in published research, please cite Rclade along with these key dependencies: